What is the role of the engine oil and how you choose it ⚙️ tuby.me

1. What is engine oil?

Engine oil is a liquid lubricant, it is also a vital part of the engine. Without this oil, Even the best engine cannot work for more than 5 minutes. ABy linking the right lubricant for the parts of the engine of the engine of a car and guaranteeing its correct level, you will extend the duration of the engine and reduce the costs with the fuel consumption.

2. What is the role of the engine oil?

The role of the engine oil is to lubricate the internal components of the engine and prevent corrosion. In addition, due to the circulation and a sufficiently large volume, the cars oil performs the function of the transfer of heat, followed by the cooling of the internal parts of the engine. Corrosion inhibitors and viscosity control additives offer internal protection of the reliable engine.

The engine oil has the following functions:

• By lubricating the parts of rubbing, groups and mechanisms of the power unit, to prevent their intense wear.
• The additional cooling of the most requested thermal parts: pistons and cylinders
• Removal from the surface of the parts of fuel combustion products, wear particles and corrosion and other contaminants (with subsequent separation in the filters).
• Protect the parts of the power unit from fuel combustion products, oxygen in the air and other aggressive media (creating a oil protection filter).

3. The physical-chemical properties of the engine oil.

The main physical and chemical characteristics of lubricating oils, which determine their area, include the following indicators:

• Density: it is characterized by the content of the mass of the oil per unit of volume and is measured in kg/m3.
• Viscosity – A fundamental feature of all lubricants, which determines the pressure in the lubrication system, a condition in which the hydrodynamic lubrication regime is performed.
• ULCUTOSITY – The oil of the oil to adhere to the metal surfaces and to form a film -resistant film on them, which will prevent direct contact between the moving parts. Therefore, dry friction is removed, lubrication is guaranteed and usury is avoided.
• Total alkaline number – A characteristic of the neutralizing properties of the oil, the ability to transform acids formed due to the combustion of fuel and oxidation of the oil, into neutral compounds.
• Total acid number – characteristic of the acidic presence in oil, which is formed in the oil aging process and in its contamination with combustion products.
• Flash temperature – It is the temperature at which the oil vapors heated with air light up with a flame.
• Cooling temperature – is the temperature to which oil loses fluidity. To ensure the reliable start of the cold engine, the minimum ambient temperature should be between 10 and 15 ° C.
• Solfatate ash content: the oil tendency to form carbon warehouses in high temperature conditions.
• Mechanical contaminants – are the result of the contamination of the oil due to the wear of the lubricated parts and the penetration of deep oxidation products of fuel and oil from the cylinders.
• Content of the water: the water of the oil content reduces lubrication and promotes the electrochemical corrosion of the lubricated parts.
• Drip temperature (for fat) – is the temperature to which the sample to be tested, in specific conditions, flows by opening the capillary tube and falls on the bottom of the test ship.

4. Types of engine oil

There are three types of engine oils, that is to say:

• Mineral – Without a doubt, some modern mineral oils are not bad, but due to the production method they have weak characteristics. For example, these oils are inspected in the cold, they lubricate the engine badly, contain natural components that can be burned in the engine, form warehouses and clog the oil tubes, which affects both lubrication and cooling with internal combustion. Mineral oils are obtained from the distillation of the oil. At high operating temperatures, mineral oils become unstable.
• Synthetic seeds (mineral with the addition of synthetic components): it is a mineral base with a significant amount of synthetic additives, which allows you to increase the performance of basic oil almost in the synthetic. They are usually used in engines with a large number of km, which consume oil.
• Synthetic: most drivers choose synthetic oils for their excellent performance. Synthetic oils do not lose their properties in the heat of summer, nor do they thicken at negative temperatures, but maintain these performance only in the temperature range specified for each type of oil. The synthetic oils perfectly protect the engine, prevent the formation of carbon deposits and clean the internal surfaces of the internal combustion engine.

5. Valm Valm Valm Oil engine

More than 100 years ago, a community of car engineers appeared in the United States. At that time the problem of quality lubricants for cars was acute. The result of cooperation and the exchange of ideas was the classifier SAE, which is now used all over the world. According to SAE, each car lubricant has characteristics such as low and high temperature viscosity.

The classification of the engine oil provides for the division into three groups, depending on the room temperature in which the engine is started: monographic oils (summer or winter) and multigrad oils, for the entire season. At these temperatures the viscosity of the engine is optimal; The following table presents their area.

The viscosity table and the classification of oils. Depending on the manufacturer, the values ​​may vary by different degrees:

In Europe, due to the temperature variation of summer-winter, multigrad oils are used. These can be used at minimum and maximum temperatures of the environment.

A – Synthetic oils

B-semi-closetic oils

C – mineral oils

We observe in the table that lubricants are marked with letters and numbers.

– Summer with a number (eg Sae30)

– IArna with a number followed by W (Winter, ex: SAE 5W)

– For the entire Alfanumerico name (eg SAE 5W-30).

There are two numbers, a small and larger number. The low one indicates how thin the oil is, while the largest number shows the viscosity of the oil once the engine is heated. Therefore, for example: A SAE 5W-30, 5W means that the oil has a viscosity of 5 when the engine is cold; It will flow before the engine is heated because it is thin. The second number, 30, is the thickness of the oil when the engine has warmed up. The smaller the figure in front of the letter «W» (SAE), the lower the viscosity of the low temperature oil and, respectively, the cold start of the engine is easier. The greater the figure that is after the dash (SAE), the greater the viscosity of the high oil and the safer lubrication of the engine during the heat.

The SAE classification adopted the following names:

– The first marking number indicates the dynamic viscosity of the fluid

– If you decrease from this figure 40, you will get the lowest temperature to which the pump will provide lubrication inside the engine with the parts in contact.

– If you release 35, you will get the lowest air temperature to which the appetizer can start a cold engine.

Monographic oils, such as Sae30, Sae40 or Sae50, are no longer used in the latest cars engines, but may be necessary for use in some vintage or old engines. Sae30 oil is often specified for small 4 -throwing engines, air cooling, grass trimmer, garden tractors, portable generators, motor pumps and blacksmith or gas chain.

6. How does the engine oil work?

Many of us may think that lubrication is necessary to create the parts inside the slippery engine. In fact, the functions of the lubricant are much wider, as follows:

• Reduces friction
• Minimizes the usury process of rubbing parts
• Fight with corrosion
• Keeps the contaminants

Reduce the friction and heat generated, are just some of the reasons why oil is necessary in an engine. If you look at the microscope the friction surfaces, you will see something similar to the waterways left by two mountain ranges. This translates into different metal particles, which are deposited in the contact points. This can stop, if a lubricating film is created. The two most common types of lubricating films are:

• Hydrodynamics – between sliding contacts. The layers of microscopic oil are rubbed and form an oil between the friction surfaces, protecting them.
• Elastoidrodynamic: the high pressure in the friction area causes a significant increase in the viscosity of oil, its growing charging capacity. This elastoidrodynamic film has a thickness of 0.1-10 microns.

Some additives in engine oil are concerned about «capturing» waste and residues, keep them in filters and removal from the engine; In this way, through its functionality, the engine oil also has a cleaning role.

7. How to choose the most suitable engine oil?

It is very important to correctly choose the engine oil. Use the best option recommended by the SAE system. A correct choice depends on:

• The work power of the engine
• Ease of leek of an unheated engine
• Engine efficiency
• The amount of oxide flakes was formed during fuel combustion
• The type of fuel
• Consumption and moment of oil change
• In addition, there is the possibility of choosing it according to the fuel used, such as oil for petrol, diesel or gas.

According to current standards, an engine is considered old if it exceeds 180,000 km. The synthetic engine oil is not recommended for these engines, because it has high drainage characteristics and high penetration power. The engine will certainly not be worse, but will require constant monitoring of Join oil, because there is a risk of loss (it will flow) due to the wear of the engine tree. For this type of engines (age), semi -Sinticetic oil is recommended.

When traveling by car with a cold or hot climate, you recommend the so -called Arctic oil and summer engines. These types of oils are not designed for universal use, but are specially manufactured to work in the far north and Sahara.

All of these are particular cases and the owner of this vehicle will be informed in advance on the engine oil suitable for the engine or, but for the vast majority of drivers, the choice of the engine oil is made asking the sales consultants of cars, which, based on the car certificate, finds compatible with the car, the car model, of course, the customer’s preference for a certain brand of engine oil.